Addiction in Pregnancy to Prescription Drugs Essay

Addiction in Pregnancy to Prescription Drugs - Essay Example Another form of abuse is taking the medicine while still using alcohol and other narcotic drugs. Moreover, abuse of the drugs can be in the form of taking medicine without consent of a medical profession in order to relieve pain. Availability of the drugs makes it easy for most people to access them. This paper illustrates some of the common issues related to addiction of prescription drugs among pregnant women. Introduction Most pregnant women expose themselves into the dangers of abusing of prescription drugs. This abuse tends to cause many health risks to both the mother and the infant. After taking the prescription drugs for sometime without following the regulations ordered by the provider, most of the pregnant women find themselves becoming addicts. Through biological research work, there is enough evidence that everything a pregnant woman eats or drinks have the potential of reaching to the infant. Moreover, the substance ingested may have various effects, either positive or n egative on the infant. Any drug that a pregnant woman may take eventually crosses and reaches the infant. This gives a clear indication that addiction to prescription drugs harms the unborn baby. Provide a brief overview regarding the substance. Prescription drugs are of many kinds depending on their nature of use. Some of the commonly types include Opiods. Most of the drugs under Opiods are prescribed to treat various discomforts that come up because of pain (Schmid et al., 2010). Another common abused one includes the CNS depressants. These types of drugs are commonly prescribed to a patient with aim of reducing anxiety. Moreover, patients with sleeping disorders may take these drugs to improve their sleeping patterns. Examples of these drugs include mephobarbital and pentobarbital (Hanson, Venturelli & Fleckenstein, 2011). The use of all of the above prescription drugs and many more others not mentioned tends to be risky to the unborn child when taken against the instructions. Wh at is the nursing care considerations associated with the use of the substance during pregnancy? If a pregnant woman is taking prescription drugs, she should inform her health care provider. This helps the medical professional to offer necessary medication at the right time. A woman ought to provide her history on the drugs abuse and state the type of drugs she has been using while in pregnancy or before. This will assist the nurse in providing the best advice about how to stop the addiction and live healthily for her benefit and that of the unborn child. Moreover, nursing care considers universal screening of the drugs as the option to determine how they may have affected the woman and the infant in order to provide the recommended medication (Cazacu, et al., 2011). Another consideration that nurses tend to make is checking the level at which the prescribed drugs may have affected the infant. In some cases, it is not advisable for an addicted woman to stop taking the drugs immediat ely. Stopping the drugs at once may lead to a higher chance of causing death to the infant. Therefore, it is advisable for the women to seek medical advice from medical professionals in order for the situation to be addressed carefully. Another nursing care consideration entails that the woman should be ready to undergo various laboratory check-ups in order to determine the level of the effects on both the woman and the infant. What are the nursing care considerations specifically during the second trimester related to this substance? Exposure to prescription drugs

Impact of NAFTA on the US economy Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Impact of NAFTA on the US economy - Term Paper Example economy over a period of time with respect to U.S. trade balance, employments, jobs, and wages. NAFTA and its impact of United States Economy According to Teslik (2009) NAFTA, implemented in January 1994, and signed by Democratic President Bill Clinton, is a trilateral free trade deal between United States, Canada, and Mexico. The primary objective of the agreement is to eliminate several tariffs on products traded among the United States, Mexico, and Canada. Terms of the agreement were aimed to eliminate these tariffs in a gradual manner. The agreement was not fully implemented before 1 January, 2008. The deal phased out export tariffs in several industries, in particular, agriculture, and reduced taxes on textiles and automobiles. NAFTA implemented intellectual property protection, instituted a dispute regulation system, and established regional labor and environmental safeguard. However there is some criticism and lobbying when it comes to establishing regional labor and environme ntal safeguards (What is NATA? para. 2). NAFTA’s impact on trade Since NAFTA’s implementation, trade relation between United States, Mexico, and Canada have diversified substantially. However, there is expert’s disagreement on the extent of such expansion which is directly associated with NAFTA (Teslik, 2009, para.6).According to the data from the office of the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) as Teslik (2009) states: The United States chief negotiator in foreign trade and major booster of NAFTA and other free trade accords, the overall value of intra-North American trade has more than tripled since the agreement inception. The USTR adds that regional business investment in the United States rose 117 percent between 1993 and 2007, as compared to a 45 percent rise in the fourteen years prior period. Trade with NAFTA partners now accounts for more than 80 percent of Canadian and Mexican trade, and more than a third of U.S. trade. (para.6) Trade deficit and unemplo yment NAFTA’s impact on U.S. economy has been subjected to the â€Å"boom-and-bust† cycle that directed domestic consumption, investment, and speculation in the mid- and late 1990s.Between 1994 and 2000, there was rapid increase in employments in the United States which caused substantial decrease in an overall unemployment rate. However, unemployment rise in 2001 resulted in the loss of 2.4 million jobs in domestic economy during March 2001 and October 2003(Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2003 as cited in Scott, 2003, p.3).The primary sector of these job losses was manufacturing which underwent a total decline of 2.4 million jobs since early 2001.With the dried job growth in the economy, other underlying issues stemming from U.S. trade deficit became more evident, particularly in manufacturing sector (Scott, 2003, p.3). After three decades of steadily growing global trade deficit, United States experienced rapid increase in these deficit after the implementation of NAFTA in1996.In 2002,foreign exports constitute 11.6 percent of total U.S. exports to Mexico and Canada(Scott,2003,p.3).Though, U.S. domestic exports to NAFTA partners experienced a dramatic increase(95.2 percent to Mexico, and 41 percent to Canada), increase in imports of 195.3 percent from Mexico and 61.1 percent from Canada exceeds the exports growth overwhelmingly(EPI analysis of BSL and Census Bureau as cited in Scott,2003,p.3).As a result,$30 billion U.S. net export deficit with Mexico and Canada increased by 281 percent